Bulgaria has a wide variety of trees, including leaf-bearing trees and conifers, with leaf-bearing trees being more common.
Common Leaf-Bearing Trees
The main cultivated trees include:
Oaks: Quercus pedunculata, Q. sessiliflora, Q. cerris
Beech: Fagus sylvatica
Common Ash: Fraxinus excelsior
Elms: Ulmus campestris, U. effusa, V. montana
Plane Trees: Acer platanoides, A. pseudoplatanus, A. campestre
Yoke-elm Carpinus betulus
Lime Trees: Tilia grandifolia, T. parvifolia, T. argentea
Willows: Salix caprea, S. pentandra
Poplars: Populus tremula, P. alba, P. nigra
Common Conifers
The main conifers in Bulgaria are:
Pines: Pinus sylvestris, P. austriaca, P. pence, P. mughus
Firs: Picea excelsa, P. pectinata
Shrubs and Herbs
Bulgaria’s forests are also rich in shrubs and herbs, including:
Alnus viridis, Berberis vulgaris, Cerastis chamaecerasus
Cornus species (C. mas, C. sanguinea, C. pentogyna)
Daphne mesereum, Hedera helix, Ligustrum vulgare
Lonicera species (L. xylosteum, L. caprifolia, L. nigra)
Prunus spinosa, Rhamnus species, Rosa species
Salix species, Sambucus racemosa, Vaccinium species, Viburnum species
Viscum album and others
Forest Plantations
Forest plantations in Bulgaria were historically managed in a primitive way. However, some areas now have well-maintained forests. These are found near Varna, Pravadia, Anchialo, Altos, Bourgas, and Peschtera. The trees in these plantations—oaks, pines, and Picea excelsa—are tall, straight, and smooth. Thick forests have also survived in remote, hard-to-reach areas. Once connected to modern roads, these forests could become valuable for commercial purposes Balkan Tours.
Quality of Bulgarian Timber
Bulgarian wood is considered high quality. It has:
Numerous annual growth rings
Bright colors and rich texture
Flexibility and strength
These features make Bulgarian timber durable and suitable for many uses, from construction to furniture and fine woodworking.