Christian Soldiers under Ottoman Rule
In regions under the control of the Ottoman Empire, Christian subjects often served in the military under their local princes,
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Preventing the Growth of Old Wealth
One important rule of Ottoman political thought was to prevent the rise of old and powerful noble families. Wealth was
Ancient Description of the Sarmatians
Ancient writers described the Sarmatians, who are often connected with the Tatars, as brave and powerful horsemen. A Latin historian
The Origin of the Office of the First Vizier
The first clear example in history of the office of the First Vizier can be found during the reign of
Increase in Pay and Advancement
As the pages advanced in rank and responsibility, their pay and daily allowance also increased. At first, they received only
Alarm Spreads Through the Seraglio
In the midst of this fear and confusion, a guard of Black and White Eunuchs came quickly to the door
The Maxims of Turkish Government
Introduction to a Different Form of Rule The constitution of the Turkish government is very different from most other governments
Two Groups of National Art
The four nationalities that took part in these art exhibitions can be divided into two main groups. The first group
The Establishment of Savings Banks in Bulgaria
Savings banks in Bulgaria were created to encourage people to save money safely and regularly. The establishment of post office
Articles of Importation and Exportation
This article presents a brief summary of Bulgaria’s trade with two major European partners: Turkey and England. The data is